Urine Culture

What is the purpose of this test?

A urine culture is used to confirm the presence of an infection in the urinary system. This test is helpful as it clearly identifies the agents responsible and allows for appropriate treatment. It also confirms that the treatment has worked. In those who use catheters or other urinary devices, urine cultures confirm the absence of infection. A urine culture can also be performed when a urinalysis shows a positive result for bacteria.

Preparation

• You do not have to fast or limit your fluid intake before a urine culture.
• A current or recent antibiotic use should be mentioned, as this may influence the result.
• If you need to provide a urine sample during your period, you should inform the medical staff, as this may result in contamination of the sample. If possible, the sample should be taken 2 days after menstruation.
• Urine must be collected in a sterile container. This container is available at the pharmacy.
• The first urine of the morning is preferable for analysis, as the amount of bacteria may be the highest of the day.

Procedure

• Wash hands before collecting the urine.
• Prepare the container before and avoid touching the inside of the container at all times.
• Clean the genital area (penis or vulva).
• While pulling up the foreskin or keeping the labia majora open, collect the urine in the middle of the stream as follows:
  • Start urinating into the toilet.
  • Without stopping urinating, collect urine by placing the container in the urine stream.
  • Remove the container from the urine stream and finish urinating in the toilet.

What does an abnormal result mean?

A positive test usually means that there is an infection in the urinary tract. False-positive results are also possible since urine is easily contaminated. When collecting a sample, it is important to try and avoid introducing bacteria from the genital organs. It is therefore strongly suggested that you follow the sample collection recommendations.

What you should know before going for this test

When you go in for a blood test or any other medical exam, it's always a good idea to bring a complete list of any prescriptions, over-the-counter medications, or natural health products you're taking. Unless otherwise advised, it's best to take your medications as usual on blood test days. If in doubt, don't hesitate to talk to your healthcare professional.