Mammography

What is the purpose of this test?

It is a screening method for detecting and diagnosing breast cancer. The risk of developing this type of cancer increases with age. When detected early, one has access to more treatment options, not to mention greater chances for successful recovery. That being said, mammography is an important tool for early detection. Official breast cancer screening programs are available across Canada. Get informed for more details.

Complementary to breast self-exams, mammography can detect lumps that are too small to detect with a physical exam alone. If you experience any pain or feel a lump in either breast, don't hesitate to consult your healthcare professional.

Preparation

Here are a few recommendations to help you prepare for your exam:

• There are no special dietary requirements for this examination.
• Any accessory that could interfere with mammography (e.g., jewelry) should be avoided. These accessories can affect the accuracy of the images and can be mistaken for lesions.
• It's also advisable not to apply products on or near the breasts, such as moisturizers, antiperspirants or deodorants. These can interfere with mammography.
• To reduce any discomfort or pain in the breasts, avoid foods and beverages containing caffeine (e.g., coffee, tea, chocolate and soft drinks) for 5 to 7 days leading up to the examination. It is also recommended, for the same reason, that you schedule your mammography within the ten days following the start of your period.

Procedure

During mammography, the patient is asked to stand, while undressed from the waist up. The breast is gently placed on a platform and compressed between two plates. Usually, at least two pictures are taken from different angles.

Compressing the breasts is necessary as it ensures detailed images that are of good quality. It also serves to separate superimposed structures, limit movement of the breast and ensures the use of the smallest amount of radiation possible. Each breast is compressed for 10 to 15 seconds and the entire process lasts about 15 minutes.

What does an abnormal result mean?

Analysis of the results may reveal cysts, abscesses, inflammation and benign or malignant (cancerous) masses. Additional tests may be required for greater precision.

Factors that affect interpretation of result

Breast implants and prior breast surgery can interfere with the interpretation of mammograms. The risk of damaging a breast implant during mammography, although rare, does exist. For these reasons, it is important to inform the personnel performing the mammogram.

What you should know before going for this test

When you go in for a blood test or any other medical exam, it's always a good idea to bring a complete list of any prescriptions, over-the-counter medications, or natural health products you're taking. Unless otherwise advised, it's best to take your medications as usual on blood test days. If in doubt, don't hesitate to talk to your healthcare professional.