Alkaline phosphatase

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Alkaline phosphatase

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP)

This test measures the amount of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the blood. ALP is an enzyme found in the intestine, spleen, and kidneys, as well as in the placenta during pregnancy. ALP found in the liver and bones is primarily responsible for serum alkaline phosphatase activity.

What is the purpose of this test?	The alkaline phosphatase test is used to assess and monitor the following: Damage to the liver and bile ducts Bone damage (e.g., due to Paget's disease or vitamin D deficiency)
How to prepare?	Generally, you will be asked to fast. Do not eat or drink anything (except water) for 10 to 12 hours before the test.
Reference values*	50-136 IU/L
Associated tests	If your ALP level is high, further tests may be done to find the cause. These tests can include: ALP isoenzyme test: used to differentiate between ALP types based on their origin in the body. Liver or metabolic panel including the following analyses: Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) Bilirubin
How is it done?	A blood sample is drawn, usually from a vein in the arm.
How long before I get the results?	Results are usually ready in a day. It may take longer to receive your results.

* These values are presented for information purposes only. As different laboratories may have different target values, the lab report usually specifies the values used for the test. It should also be noted that test results must be interpreted based on factors such as age, sex, and health condition. Values outside of this range may be considered normal for some individuals.

What does an abnormal test result mean?

High ALP values:

Elevated ALP levels may indicate liver or bone damage due to any of the following:

Liver damage	Bone damage
Hepatitis, cirrhosis Alcoholism A bile duct obstruction An infection such as mononucleosis	Paget's disease, rickets, bone cancer Osteomalacia (due to a lack of vitamin D) Hyperparathyroidism and hyperthyroidism Normal fracture healing

Other conditions that can cause elevated ALP levels are heart damage, kidney damage, and pregnancy.

Low ALP values:

Abnormally low alkaline phosphatase values may be caused by the following:

Malnutrition
Wilson's disease
Hypothyroidism
Pernicious anemia
Zinc or magnesium deficiency
Hypophosphatasia

What you should know before going for this test

When you go in for a blood test or any other medical exam, it's always a good idea to bring a complete list of any prescriptions, over-the-counter medications, or natural health products you're taking. Unless otherwise advised, it's best to take your medications as usual on blood test days. If in doubt, don't hesitate to talk to your healthcare professional.

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The patient information leaflets are provided by Vigilance Santé Inc. This content is for information purposes only and does not in any manner whatsoever replace the opinion or advice of your health care professional. Always consult a health care professional before making a decision about your medication or treatment.